Jean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development - 2048 Words

The child’s mind is an extraordinary topic, we seek to understand how a child learns to walk, how he or she process the world around them, how they acquire language, and how they recognize a mothers face etc. Jean Piaget heavily influenced the field of cognitive development. He believed cognitive developmental was a long progression from the illogical child to a mature adult. Piaget argued that between birth and the age of 14, children go through four main stages: sensory motor period, pre-operational period, the period of concrete operations and the period of formal operations. My first interview tested the pre-operational period, which is roughly between the ages of two and seven. During this stage, the child shows that he or she cannot master complex operations. My second interview involved a ten year, she would be classified into the concrete operations stage. The concrete operational stage begins at the age of seven and continues until around the age of eleven. The ch ild in the concrete operational stage has the ability to reverse relationships. They gain an understanding of reversibility. Piaget studied reversible relationships; this is a relationship that is reversible when it is logically necessary. So, for example 6 multiplied by 7 is logically bound to produce the same sum as 7 multiplied by 6. Reversible relationships are not just limited to a math problem, but are also apart of real life relationships. If Sarah is Jennifer’s mother, than Jennifer isShow MoreRelatedJean Piaget s Theories Of Cognitive Development1360 Words   |  6 Pages Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist. He worked in the fields of Developmental Psychology and Epistemology. He’s known for his works and theories in the field of child development. His theories of cognitive development and epistemological views are called, â€Å"genetic epistemology†. Piaget placed the education of children as most important. His works and theories still play a huge role and influence the study of child psychology today. Jean Piaget was born on August 9, 1896 in Neuchatel, SwitzerlandRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1607 Words   |  7 PagesShaquille Ross Professor Morris Piaget Theory Jean Piaget s theory of cognitive development gives a broader way of explaining the way of how the process of thinking is developed, based off of different age groups. He became interested in how organisms adapt and conform to its environment. He believe that it was labelled as intelligence. He observed these behaviors by controlling them through schema or schemes. In other words, Piaget organized experiments that are based off of intellectualRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory On Cognitive Development1045 Words   |  5 Pageshave shaped our understandings of the human mind and our behaviors. Jean Piaget was by no means an exception. Piaget was a clinical psychologist known for his pioneering work in child development. He was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. Over the course of his later career in child psychology, he identified four stages of mental development that took into account young people s development from basic object identification t o highly abstract thought. This paperRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1553 Words   |  7 PagesJean Piaget is considered to be very influential in the field of developmental psychology. Piaget had many influences in his life which ultimately led him to create the Theory of Cognitive Development. His theory has multiple stages and components. The research done in the early 1900’s is still used today in many schools and homes. People from various cultures use his theory when it comes to child development. Although there are criticisms and alternatives to his theory, it is still largelyRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1071 Words   |  5 PagesIn this essay I want to analyse Jean Piaget’s (1936) stage theory of cognitive development and Erik Erikson’s (1959) theory on stage development. Piaget’s theory focuses on cognitive development where Erikson’s applies a more psychosocial lens. I will be analysin g the key concepts of each theory and comparing them to see the similarities and differences in the theorists thinking. Piaget’s theory is made up of four stages. The first stage was the sensitometer stage. This occurs from birth to twoRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development877 Words   |  4 PagesJean Piaget is one of many theorists to have proposed ideas about development. However he was the first to make a methodical study of cognitive development. In his theory Piaget describes four main stages of psychological development which he believes children move through. His theory suggests that each stage helps to construct the next; leading cognitive abilities to become more advanced as we grow older. When taking into consideration discontinuity and continuity; Piaget’s cognitive stages leansRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1641 Words   |  7 PagesJean Piaget (1936), was a developmental psychologist from Switzerland. He was known to be one of the first psychologists to study cognitive development. His contributions include an in depth theory of cognitive child development. His studies include many detailed child observations and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal a child cognitive abilities. Before Piaget’s theory of development many psychologists believed that children were just less competent thinkers then adults. Piaget arguesRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive And Affective Development1693 Words   |  7 PagesMethodology and Cognitive Theory of Jean Piaget The Methodology and Cognitive Theory of Jean Piaget Timothy Carlton Southwest Tennessee Community College A Paper Presented In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Life Span Psychology 2130-L01 July 31, 2014 â€Æ' â€Æ' Abstract Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive and Affective Development is a result of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding mental processes and the behaviors presented by those processes. Piaget’s theory encompasses developmentRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development895 Words   |  4 Pageshave contributed to the study of Psychology. One of these great contributors is Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist. He is mostly known for his theory of cognitive development. Jean Piaget used his own life as well of the lives of his own children to develop this theory. He believed that the thought process between children and adults were different and thus that began the process of Cognitive Development. Jean Piaget is a Swiss psychologist who was born on August 9, 1986. He is one of the mostRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development943 Words   |  4 PagesJean Piaget’s theories of cognitive development broke new ground in the field of Psychology leading to the extension of further research into the area of developmental psychology. In this essay I seek to examine these theories whilst considering their current relevance to modern psychology and society. A major part of Piaget’s theory focuses around the idea of schemas; a set of linked mental representations used to make sense of the world. According to Piaget (1952), we are born with a small set

Cisco Systems, Inc. Collaboration on New Product...

Literature review : KOLLAT, ENGEL, BLACKWEL, (1970) investigated the Current Problems in Consumer Behavior. In this study they compared the history of most disciplines; the studied of consumer behavior in its infancy, dating back less than 50 years. Moreover, a significant percentage of their research had occurred during the last decade. Brosekhan Velayutham examined the Consumer Buying Behaviour. They found that consumer has become essentail. Consumers are the kings of markets. Without consumers no business organization can run. All the activities of the business concerns end with consumers and consumer satisfaction. Sadiq investigated the Economic Impact of†¦show more content†¦REESE, LOEW, STEFFGEN, (2013) examined that social norms enhance pro-environmental behavior in Hotels. They analyzed hotel guest’s towel-used during their stay, they also studied tests whether messages employing provincial norms were more effective in reducing towel-use than standard envir onmental messages. Siddiquee, Hosne Asif, Rahman, (2014) examined the terry towel industry in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to increased the knowledge of terry products scope, products demand and supply, buyer or market of products, product range, export volume, trend and revealed other opportunities, strength, threat etc of this sector. They found that Bangladesh is the number one choice of the importers for higher quality with low price of terry product specially terry towel. References: Ahmed, A. (2011). GROWTH TRENDS OF PAKISTAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY. Pakistan Textile Journal . Brosekhan, A. A., Velayutham, ,. D. (n.d.). Consumer Buying Behaviour – A Literature Review. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) , 08-16. Hanley, S., Leahy, R. (2008). The Effectiveness of Relationship Marketing Strategies in Department Stores. lnternational Journal of Business and Management , 133-140. Khan, A. A., Khan, M. (2010). Pakistan Textile Industry Facing New Challenges. Research Journal of InternatÄ ±onal StudÄ ±es , 21-29. KOLLAT, D. T., ENGEL, J. F., BLACKWEL, R. D.Show MoreRelatedHow Technology Affect Business Especially For Cisco Systems Inc.1321 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Cisco Systems Inc. is a public traded corporation listed on Nasdaq as CSCO. Cisco Systems Inc. is the worldwide leading supplier of computer networking products, it offers communication systems and services, product for companies. Cisco sells routers, switches, internet services devises and other communication and internet related services to entity. The purpose of this paper is to explain how technology affect business especially for Cisco Systems Inc. First, the paper has a brief introductionRead MoreCisco Systems, Inc.: Collaborating on New Product Introduction12030 Words   |  49 PagesCASE: GS-66 DATE: 06/05/09 CISCO SYSTEMS, INC.: COLLABORATING ON NEW PRODUCT INTRODUCTION On November 13, 2007, more than 100 employees of Cisco Systems, Inc. assembled in classic Cisco fashion: they dialed in from multiple locations around the world for an important meeting. The purpose of the gathering was to get the green light from senior management to manufacture a new high-end router that would make the giant networking company more competitive in an age of surging Internet trafficRead MoreCase Analysis Cisco Essay2299 Words   |  10 PagesINDIVIDUAL CASE REPORT Cisco Systems Inc.: The Viking Challenge Submitted to: Mr. Dave Swanston Submitted by: Vishal Gupta ID: 125821880 20th March 2013 Executive Summary Cisco Systems Inc. is a $100 B technology company which provides internet networking solution to telecommunication and broadband service provider corporations. Cisco is leader in developing the networking equipment for the industry. Cisco wants to develop a new generation router AggregationRead MoreCisco Systems Uses Its Culture for Competitive Advantage2002 Words   |  9 PagesCisco Systems Uses Its Culture for Competitive Advantage Case Study Cisco Systems Uses Its Culture for Competitive Advantage Introduction Cisco Systems, Inc. is the worldwide leader in providing hardware, software and related services to enable networking for the Internet. Today, networks are an essential part of business, education, government, and home communications. Cisco hardware, software, and service offerings are used to create the Internet solutions that make these networks possible,Read MoreCisco Merger Strategy4607 Words   |  19 PagesCisco IT Case Study Acquisition Integration How Cisco Applies Companywide Expertise for Integrating Acquired Companies Faster, smoother integrations help to realize acquisition value. 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The report was to discuss the justification of Cisco’s status of innovative, how the business environment impacted on Cisco and it’s opportunities for innovation, their sources of competitive advantage, strategic options available to Cisco, and evaluate the risks of implementing the strategic change to achieve this option This was done by evaluatingRead MoreCisco Systems Architecture2359 Words   |  10 PagesCisco systems Architecture: ERP and Web-Enabled IT Case Introduction and Background and analysis of the Business Cisco Systems, a Global leading company that manufactures and markets Internet Protocol (IP) equipment, uses routers to send digital and voice data over the Internet. Founded in 1984 by three former Stanford University Students, Cisco first found early success by targeting Government agencies, Universities, and the Aerospace industry. In 1998, Cisco began targeting big businessesRead MoreEssay on Cisco Systems Case Study5151 Words   |  21 PagesCisco Systems, Inc. International Business Case Study Executive Summary Cisco Systems is a global market leader and innovator of computer communications and networking solutions. Established in the 1980’s, the company rapidly developed into the world’s greatest manufacturer of internet routers and was/is a foremost provider of commercial communication network devices. The aim of this case study report is to create an understanding of Cisco’s historical international business activities asRead MoreCisco2969 Words   |  12 Pagesstudy â€Å"Social Strategy at Cisco Systems† written by Mikolaj J. Piskorski, Daniel Malter, and Aaron Smith. It emphasis on a main concern, which is aligned with Cisco Learning Network and Internet of Everything (IoE) and is presented in a question; how can Cisco’s phenomenon of â€Å"Internet of Everything† be attained through Cisco Learning Network? The issue highlights the importance of Cisco’s strategic commitment of advancing and supporting the Internet of everything. 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Strategic Information System Implementation †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System Implementation. Answer: Introduction In the current world of fierce competition, companies are striving to become a market leader in their respective sector. In the current climate where the factors like recession or pressure from inflation with rise in competition is hindering the accomplishments of the objectives where organizations look for strategies that helps in getting competitive advantage. One of the strategy is based on adopting the effective information system within the boundaries of the organisation (Laudon Laudon, 2016). It helps in making the right usage of data, reducing the workload among the workforce and help with right kind of compliance with many important regulations. Information storage and analysis: - in the current time, there are many organizations who manages the data and information in a manual form with proper registers or hard copy based format. During the time of adopting the information system, companies must make sure to use all kind of sophisticated as well as comprehensive database that consist of all kind of imaginable piece of data associated with the company. It is important to understand here that databases help in storing, updating and analysing the information where the company can make use to point the solution for present or future issues (Laudon Laudon, 2015). Assistance with decision making: success in long run of a company entirely depend on the rightness of its current strategic plan. A companys management team utilises information system to form strategic level of plans and make effective decision for the overall longevity as well as prosperity of the business. The organization also uses information system to test the information from all kind of sources consisting information from external level references like Bloomberg and many more. Assistance with business process: information system helps the businesses in the development of substantial number of value added services in the company. For instance, an organization can help in integrating information system with proper cycle of manufacturing to make sure that the results it produces come with the need of the many quality based management standards. Adopting information system also helps in simplifying the processes and further remove unwanted functions. Information system also adds control to employees the process, make sure that only the users with rights can work on certain things (QUANTUMGIS DEVELOPMENT TEAM. 2014). Considerations: implementation of information system within a company can further become very costly in process. Execution cost consist not only the installation of the current system but also the important employees training based sessions. Moreover, employees have the power to see the adoption of the information system that ask for number of unwarranted kind of changes and therefore, people resist any kind of change. Any kind of resistance to change further hinders the operations of the business and cause employees turnover. Define and give examples of business processes and transaction cycle. Analysing, posting and journalizing: - the process of accounting is important each day with business operations to make right projections and assess the options and save the financing for the organization. The initial part of the accounting based transaction cycle consists of evaluating transactions and source the document that can associate with business processes. For instance, a business procedure may consist of purchase of ten thousand dollars of supplies on account (McFeeters, 2013). The process of journalizing is based on creating a record of all the transactions at one place which saves mistakes and further links the credit and debit entries for all the transactions. Preparation of unadjusted trial balance: - at one time when the transaction related to all kind of business process for the time that is based on journalizing and posting, preparing all kind of unadjusted trial balance that helps in making sure that no mistake occurs but exhibiting that the total amount in debit is equal to credit amount. Preparation and adjustment of the adjusted trial balance: business procedures consist of external transactions like supply based purchase or utility based payment that can be recorded in previous time but the internal transactions need to get adjusted with the trial balance. For instance, business procedure at the time may consist of the usage of the prepaid rent or revenue making it very important to record as well as adjust with account based balances (Arvidsson et al, 2014). Preparation of the financial statement: all the adjusted level of trial balance shows all the information to create the financial statement for business point of view and it also consist of the income statement and the statement of the equity based on owner along with balance sheet. Organization also select the usage of the information that helps in creating other financial statement along with summaries of the cash flow statement. Closing as well as post-closing of the trail balance: while preparing the business procedure of the next time, the present period based accounts should first be closed. Any kind of temporary accounts are also closed with many other permanent accounts that have the balanced and carried forward to the next level. There are number of closed entries that are recorded along with posted to capital account once the information is recorded on the income based summary account. All the expenses in revenue along with withdrawal and income related summary balance are brought to nil balance. Demonstrate the ability to map and document information system. Documentation of information system is a complicated process and one need to completely understand the associated business requirements and how such needs should be met. If there is no knowledge about how the technology helps the information where on need to risk at the time of losing the ability to find, open, work and understand the information and it can also be make an enormous impact on the ability to carry out the business (Isberg et al, 2015). The usage of the digital based information also depends on the technological use which helps in creating, managing and providing access to it. It is also important to understand here that it is sensitive by nature to any change in the current technology. There are number of system based upgrades along with changes in form of file format, data based migration and the introducing the new software along with the disposal of modern technology that can affect the ability of the business to use its current digital information in any which it is needed. When there is no understanding of the impact of any kind of changes, one need to have an ability to use the information based assets and lose the risk of continuity in digital space. Mapping of the technical based dependencies of the information make sure that people relate to the technical kind of environment and the information based assets direct to the business requirements. This will also help in understanding as well as managing the ri sk of the continuity of the digital information as well as managing the overall impact of the current change and saving the information in right manner and further using it completely. Management of digital based continuity starts with the basics of the value based data and gaining clarity on how it can be used to meet the business needs (Klukas et al, 2014). In case when the information as well as technology helps the way, business needs to use the current data or information, one must create a digital space. Otherwise, companies are at risk to lose digital continuity. At the same time, the present need should be met with technical culture as well as business needs that are subjected to any kind of transformation. One must apply on the understanding of the technical kind of dependencies of the information based assets in managing the change in effective manner (Isberg et al, 2013). Following are the three important steps in mapping and understanding the technical dependencies of information based assets: - Recognizing the technical environment Capturing and documenting the technical based dependencies Monitoring and reviewing the output which work through different steps in sequence also provides additional advantages of making sure that company build a cycle of continuous improvements. Demonstrate an understanding of how organizations acquire and deploy information system. The process of information management can be taken as an umbrella work that crosses all the systems and processes within the company for creating and using the corporate based data or information (Isberg et al, 2013). Technology, information management also encompasses system like: Document management Web content management Record management Digital asset management Learning of management system Learning of the content management system Collaboration Search for enterprise The management of information system is much more than just a single kind of technology. It is also very crucial since it is always about the business processes and practices that can underpin the overall creation and usage of information (Isberg et al, 2013). It is also about the information itself, consist of structure of information, content based quality and much more. Information system thus further encompasses many levels like: People Process Technology Content creation Companies must constantly be confronted with numerous information management issues. There are so many ways that the development of the electronic based information has further worsened such challenges over the last ten years or so. Following are the common problems consisting: - There are substantial number of information management system which are disparate by nature. Little coordination and integration that exist between the system. There are ranges in legacy based systems needed to upgrade or get replaced. Direct kind of competition that exist between the information management system. Restricted adoption of present information system by the workforce. Inferior quality of data which lack consistency with duplicated and outdated information (Shelestov et al, 2013). There is little amount of recognition along with support associated information management by top level management. The resources for deployment, management and improvement for information systems are restricted. Identify and assess some of the contemporary ethical issues related to the development and use of information systems. Privacy: government can collect huge amount of information on people and companies and using it for different variety of motives with national level security and right collection of tax, demographics, global level of geopolitical strategic based analysis and many more. Corporations do the similar kind of thing for so many commercial reasons which increases the business along with control the expenses, increase the level of profit and gain high amount of market share. Technological level of advances in both software and hardware have major amount of changes the level of scope of what can be properly processed. Enormous quantities of data, calculated petabytes and it goes beyond and it can be centrally saved as well as retrieved in an effortless manner. There are some disparate level sources along with data that can be properly referenced that it can come up with new meaning when the set of data can be viewed within the current context. Organizations capacity to collect as well as proc ess the data in an exponential manner which increases the level of scale which is primarily limited or restricted in any kind (Li, 2013). The fact that information that can be properly architected for specific motives which it must be even if by doing so people privacy level of rights that can be violated in potential manner. Ownership: there are number of people that needs to sign nondisclosure agreement along with a clause which is done at noncompete rules in contract with legal document that can limit the ability to share information with other future managers even to the level of disallowance them to join specific companies to participate in specific industry. Control: companies have the right to supervise what staff do and how technology can be used. It is a very common kind of practice to understand employees that when management is measured and how the current technology systems are utilised. It is also common to practice understanding the workforce that when they utilise assets like network and for they should not expect anything from the privacy. Even when there was no disclaimer that really dont require the warning to understand this supervising process must also take place. The important question here is that whether organization have the right to evaluate the workforce to the level of monitoring. Another important question which is relevant to ask here that organization must be clear about supervising the long workforces that are utilising the internet and it must watch which website they can visit (Li, 2013). Accuracy: business has always had the relationship of love or hate with righteousness. The existence of decision making is mainly driven by right information since the overall quality of control comes with the expense based on cost and it is done in terms of money and elevated level of productivity. In the current time, there was less amount of data that work along with the only type of assurance for quality that was required to perform as a part of data and process that were done in manual manner and therefore the results of those activities were treated in a critical manner. Technology has ensured that there is vast as well as more complexed and interconnected procedures like an issue far upstream with the process and a ripple based impact on rest of the procedure. Conclusion The concept of management information system is a set of systems that can help the management at varied stages to take effective decisions by giving the important data to the managers. It is also important to understand that it is not monolithic identity since the delivery of information and storage is covered here (Li, 2013). There are different kind of subsystem that are working at the background level and have different goals but work in accordance of one another to meet the overall need of the manager for good and high-quality data. Management information system can also install by getting the self-system or by providing some level of commissioning with a customized answer. Reference Arvidsson, V., Holmstrm, J., Lyytinen, K. (2014). Information systems use as strategy practice: A multi-dimensional view of strategic information system implementation and use.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems,23(1), 45-61. Isberg, V., Mordalski, S., Munk, C., Rataj, K., Harpse, K., Hauser, A. S., ... Gloriam, D. E. (2015). GPCRdb: an information system for G protein-coupled receptors.Nucleic acids research,44(D1), D356-D364. Isberg, V., Vroling, B., van der Kant, R., Li, K., Vriend, G., Gloriam, D. (2013). GPCRDB: an information system for G protein-coupled receptors.Nucleic acids research,42(D1), D422-D425. Klukas, C., Chen, D., Pape, J. M. (2014). Integrated analysis platform: an open-source information system for high-throughput plant phenotyping.Plant physiology,165(2), 506-518. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2015).Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm Plus MyMISLab with Pearson eText--Access Card Package. Prentice Hall Press. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2016).Management information system. Pearson Education India. Li, C. Y. (2013). Persuasive messages on information system acceptance: A theoretical extension of elaboration likelihood model and social influence theory.Computers in Human Behavior,29(1), 264-275. McFeeters, S. K. (2013). Using the normalized difference water index (NDWI) within a geographic information system to detect swimming pools for mosquito abatement: A practical approach.Remote Sensing,5(7), 3544-3561. QUANTUMGIS DEVELOPMENT TEAM. (2014). Quantum GIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Shelestov, A. Y., Kravchenko, A. N., Skakun, S. V., Voloshin, S. V., Kussul, N. N. (2013). Geospatial information system for agricultural monitoring.Cybernetics and Systems Analysis,49(1), 124.

International Human Resources

Any country highly values human capital which is the most important input into the day-to-day operations. It is the responsibility of management to ensure that each and every employee is satisfied with the conditions of work so that the employee can deliver to the maximum.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on International Human Resources specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, companies that have invested in better human resource management have advanced more besides getting the best output out of their employees. Human resource management is concerned with the general welfare of the employees as well as the relationship between employees and employers. However, they way human resource is handled differ from one country to another. While other countries prefer participatory kind of human resource, others have autocratic type of management. Even where the type of management is the same, some principles are different. Since France and Canada are in different continents, the way human resource management is handled in these two countries is different. The first factor that is compared when people are looking at international human resource management is job design and analysis. Job design refers to the description of roles and duties of each person in an organization (Jackson, 2002). On the other hand, job analysis refers to the acts of deciding the specific job requirements by keenly looking into existing conditions. This can be done in order to make decisions such as recruitment or the type of training that existing employee need to undergo to enhance output. In Canada, job designs are formulated using National occupation Classification (NOC) as a guideline. In this regard, the job design explains the title of the job, fully outlines the task to be accomplished as well as the description of the conditions under which one will work (Catano, 2009)). It is important to note that employer s are required to explain in detail any extra requirements. The job descriptions are used by human resource managers to determine when extra training or development is required. However, research is done to collect information about a given job and determine what exactly is required. Job design is then developed for each organization depending on the feedback collected from the survey.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is important to note that continuous survey is conducted to know when specific job requirements change for example due to technological improvement to evaluate the type of training required at that particular point in time. Working conditions are very crucial in France because the French are very sensitive on how they are treated (Lawler Hundley, 2008). Moreover, they hate too much explanation on job description which they interpret to be an insult on t heir intelligence. Consequently, human resource managers need to be very discreet when outlining the working conditions and take into consideration the culture of people. Arguably, one of the most important roles of human managers is to forecast on future human capital needs of the organization and take the necessary actions. Human resource planning should therefore entail forecasting the changes expected in the job market and how the organization should prepare for the same. It is important to note that human resource planning involves making changes in an organization. While in Canada a human resource manager can make that important decision of determining what needs to be done and initiate the process, in France employees need to be informed of what is happening and give suggestion (Jackson, 2002). The French do not like issues that are imposed on them and will therefore rebel if any idea is introduced without them being asked to participate in the decision making process. Howeve r, the French do not like the idea of setting personal goals and will therefore require management to outline what is expected. On the other hand, Canadians only need to be guided and they will set their own goals and work to fulfill them. Therefore, human resource planning in Canada unlike that of France requires the manager to only guide employees on what is expected. Continuous training and development is quite critical for any organization because it improves output. In Canada, each employee stands an equal chance of being selected and trained. If training on a particular issue is organized, all employees concerned are allowed to attend. However, it should be noted that this is a private initiative especially for private firms.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on International Human Resources specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, a firm is free to choose when and how to organize for the training. Mo reover, it is upon a firm to determine how it will fund the training programs (Zanko, 2003). It should be noted that the government has implemented Acts that demand that any employee should not be discriminated when it comes to giving opportunities for training and development. On the other hand, the government of France has made it compulsory that firms should set aside a stipulated amount of money to be used for employee training and development. As a result, all firms conduct trainings at a given period. However, French firms have specific training programs and target groups. Employees who are considered as being highly potential are selected and trained. Firms have specific vacancies for this group of people and consider them easy to train (Lawler Hundley, 2008). This is aimed at reducing the costs of training. Moreover, unlike in Canada, psychological growth and development is not considered part of training and development. Human resource management in Canada is designed in a manner that ensures that each employee has the opportunity of being promoted. The criteria and policies of promotion are very open and clear to every employee. It is therefore based on merit and carrier qualification. As a result, carrier development is very competitive as each employee works hard to earn promotion. In this regard, carrier development is more of a personal initiative than it is an organizational affair. Continuous self-development is highly encouraged. Employees are given the motivation to learn on their own free will through self-managed learning programs (Sparrow, 2010). In France however, promotion policies are still seen as very secretive. Though job satisfaction is high, employees are not very confident that promotions are on merit. This is due to the fact that carrier development is very structural. Almost all firms have authoritative skill development programs which employees are supposed to adhere to. Employees are not empowered to work their way up the lad der. Though surveys are carried out to know individual carrier development requirements, the inflexible training programs do not allow every employee’s need to be catered for. Nevertheless, there is emphasis on corporate vision and core values (Lawler Hundley, 2008).Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Regulation is an important aspect in the business world. Employee and employer relationships are guided by various policies (Punnett, 2012). The bodies that dictate these guidelines differ from country to country due to uniqueness in culture. Canada is a capitalistic country where forces of the market are left to determine demand and supply. Consequently, government intervention in many issues is minimal. The same is the case with the labor market. The government has only the basic regulations on how employers and employees carry out their business. Only the federal workers are under increased federal laws. However, private firms negotiate their terms of employment with labor unions. It is important to note that a significant number of employees belong to labor unions giving them high bargaining power. On the contrary, French government has in place several policies that regulate how employers treat their employees. Employees are protected by the governmental laws making many of the m reluctant of joining labor unions. As a result, France has a very minimal percentage of its work force being members of labor unions. This makes the unions a little bit weak compared to those of Canada (Edwards, 2007). Nevertheless, in both countries labor unions can call for strikes of their members and demand that employers address certain issues. It is important to note that there is no law in both countries that prohibits this type of industrial action. As far as recruitment and selection of new employees is concerned, the two countries have some common point. To begin with, both countries want to get the best employees and professional qualification is a basic necessity. Firms ensure that they have adequate advertisements to convince people that they are employers of choice. This is meant to ensure that employees applying for jobs whenever vacancies are announced will be the best in the society. Job description is also given priority during recruitment to ensure that employee s selected share values with the firm. Moreover, firms have departments dedicated to ensuring that recruitment and selection are done in line with regulations laid down by the firm (Belout, Dolan Saba, 2001). Nevertheless, there are some notable differences. While strict adherence to the company’s values is considered when recruiting employees in Canada, the French emphasize on professional qualifications. On the same note, age is very crucial in employee selection in France. Many people are employed a little late while the government and other firms want employee below 26 years of age to undergo probation for two years. On the contrary, age is not an issue provided one is over 18 years. In most instances, probation period in Canada is three months unless there are special conditions to dictate otherwise. Most firms in Canada have interviews conducted in various stages beginning with telephone interview to ensure that any possible conflict between the new employees and the o ld ones is avoided. Moreover, Canadian employers can use job boards to search for the best employees something that is not very common in France (Catano, 2009). Job orientation is highly valued in Canada because it helps in socializing new employees on the ways of operation of the firm. Without proper orientation probability of conflicts is high. Information flow in Canada is not as good as it is in France. Immediately an employee joins a firm in Canada, he or she is given a checklist that explains in details most of the issues that are necessary in the firm. Moreover, co-workers are encouraged to take new employees on firm operations and ensure they get into the system without much trouble. The orientation process is very detailed in Canada to ensure that new employees get to know each and every aspect of the company before they can start working. The process is divided into various sections which are carried out by different people who have enough knowledge in areas assigned to th em (Catano, 2009). Mostly, senior employees are given the duty of inducting new employees because besides having vast experience on the subject matter, new employees will feel comfortable dealing with fellow employees instead of managers. On the other hand, orientation is not very structured in France. Most of the information is passed by co-workers who are usually very willing to do it. Health of workers is given priority in both countries. Workplace safety is essential and maximum precautions taken in that line. All necessary information regarding the dangers involved in any job description is outlined to the employee. It is the aim of human resource management department in the two countries to ensure that employees are well aware of the risks that they face in their line of duty. Social issues being quite crucial in Canada, psychological growth and development is emphasized in Canada. Employees whose job duties have specific risks are given training on how to perform their dutie s and what to do in case of any accident or any other eventuality. Moreover, employees are trained to uphold dexterity whenever performing their duties. It is important to note that unlike in France where the law regulating workplace safety is uniform throughout the country, in Canada the laws differ from place to place. This is because different cities have the mandate of instituting laws in their area that regulate how various issues are carried out (Belout, Dolan Saba, 2001). Employees are given safety equipments where their job demands so. Safety training is carried out regularly to enhance skills of people to dealing with emergencies. New employees are guided through the safety procedures first through observation and then by being involved in the process. In both countries, employees are given health insurance to cover them while they are working for either private firms or the government. Over and above the benefits that are outlined in the employment contract, various emplo yers give their employees extra benefits. These benefits are meant to increase the morale of employees and to also help in employee retention (MacCourt Eldridge, 2003). In Canada, employees enjoy additional benefits which include extra health coverage than the one covered for in the initial contract. Conditions covered include dental and sight plans. Moreover, employees can enjoy employee assistance plans which help in enhancing social life of employees either at work or at home. Furthermore, firms provide extra retirement plans to cater for the employee when they reach retirement age. There are firms that give their employees transport services to and from workplaces. Furthermore, employees can get legal services from their firms though to a specific extent (Zanko, 2003). Additionally, many firms in Canada provide long term care insurance plans to their employees. All this is done to make employees feel valued so as to increase their output. On the same note, France also has vario us extra benefits for their employees. This includes augmenting the health and welfare programs that are preliminary inline with the government requirement. Additionally, there are firms which design employee packages in a manner that will legally reduce the amount of tax employees are supposed to pay. Since the French people need their voice to be heard, designing employee benefits to suit them is very crucial. As a result, some firms offer flexible benefits where employees are given the opportunity to choose the package that suits their needs (Lawler Hundley). There are also enhanced opportunities of employees accessing other financial services. Besides additional benefits that employees receive, it is important to have a reward system that is directly pegged on performance. This leads to strategic reward system that is very crucial in enhancing organizational output. These rewards need to also take into consideration the organization’s values to ensure that organization g rowth is achieved (MacCourt Eldridge, 2003). In France culture is important and any activity that is against the culture can meet a lot of opposition. Therefore, many human resource management departments have aligned their reward system with personal as well as team needs (Jackson, 2002). On the same note, the reward system has been differentiated according to different job requirements so that they can be effective across the board. Similarly, employees are involved in the designing stage to ensure that the package arrived at is acceptable to all employees. On the same note, Canada implements strategic rewards where employees are rewarded according to their performance. Firms come up with programs where each employee who increases his or her performance is rewarded in monetary terms or otherwise. Among the rewards that are common in Canada is extra money above the normal wages. Additionally, employees are taken to vacations either individually or as a family with expenses catered for by the firm (Belout, Dolan Saba, 2001). Another common system is subsidized shopping in specific outlets. The world has become so much integrated that it is practically impossible to operate without people from other countries. On the same note, there is increased awareness regarding gender equality in any workplace. In this regard, both countries have a lot of people from various countries working in various capacities. However, France has many of its foreigners from countries that were once its colonies. This is because most of the people from French colonies can easily assimilate into France culture and language is not a barrier. Nevertheless, there are people from various parts of the world though they find it rough initially especially because of language. Canada on the other hand has people from all over the world working in various sectors. Regarding gender balance, both countries have done well and this is not a problem (Ayacar Kanungo, 2008). Managing people requires understanding their behavior in various scenarios. In doing this, it becomes quite crucial to be fully aware of the cultural setting in which the firm is operating. France and Canada are located in different geographical places. Consequently, they have divergent cultures and their people have been socialized in different ways. Therefore, methods that can be used to manage people from these two backgrounds will definitely have to be different. However, it is important to note that due to the wave of globalization, some aspects of human resource management have to be harmonized across all countries. In this regard, there are several issues of human resource management that are similar in Canada and France. Nonetheless, human beings need motivation and favorable working conditions to perform. The better employees are managed, the higher the job satisfaction and consequently the higher the output. References Belout, A., Dolan, L. Saba, T. (2001). Trends and emerging practices in human resource management – The Canadian scene. International Journal of Manpower, 22(3), 207 – 215. Catano, V. M. (2009). Recruitment and Selection in Canada. Stanford: Cengage learning. Edwards, K. (2007). International Human Resource Management. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Educational. Jackson, T. (2002). International HRM: A Cross-Cultural Approach. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publishers. Lawler, J. J. Hundley, G. S. (2008). Global Diffusion of Human Resource Practices: Institutional and Cultural Limits. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing. MacCourt, W. Eldridge, D. (2003). Global Human Resource Management: Managing People in Developing and Transnational Countries. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing. Price, T. (2011). Human Resource Management. Stanford: Cengage Learning. Punnett, B. J. (2012). International Perspectives on Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Management. Haverhill: M.E. Sharpe. Sengupta, N. (2007). International Human Resource Management. Manchester: Excel Books India. Sparrow, P. (2010). Handbook of International Human Resource Management: Integrating people, Process, and Context. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Zanko, M. (2003). The Handbook of Human Resource Management Policies and Practices In Asia-Pacific Economies. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing. This term paper on International Human Resources was written and submitted by user Angelica Monroe to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. International human resources

Radio-frequency identification Essays

Radio-frequency identification Essays Radio-frequency identification Essay Radio-frequency identification Essay Capital Safety Is the global leader of fall protection, confined space and rescue equipment. RIFF (radio frequency Identification) Is a wireless data collection technology. RIFF technology has the ability to Identify, track and assign Information to unique items without direct contact or line-of-sight scanning. I-Safe TM consists of passive RIFF tags (transponders) that can be scanned by mobile readers (receivers) that synchronize data to a web-based secure information portal. Abstract 1. The project at hand being studied is on how radio frequency identification yester (RIFF) has been implemented to help better manage capital safety fall protection equipment. The information system being used has become an Important role on how they manage their product to help, cost, Improve safety compliance, reduce risk, and enhance safety within government regulations. Capital safety has become the global leader In fall protection. With the use of radio frequency Identification device they can tr act and malting their equipment In timely manner. 1. 2 Author and Team Member Group Project Assignment #5 Mohamed Mohamed, Lei Thanksgiving Travis Boyd, Each Jones Carl Basilica, Young Yang Table of content 1. 3 Target of study 1. 4 Capital safety Is the organization being studied In our group. They can be identified by their NAZIS and SIC codes that put them In Industries like: oil and Gas, construction, transportation, utilities, wind energy, general and residential fall protection. They are the global leader In manufacturing fall protection for these various companies that are In need of safety protection that are working above ground and below with their confined space equipment . Capital safety sales are Latin America and Australia Capital Safety has to be well organized. That is why they have adopted the radio frequency identification device to help better-manage their products. Capital Safety is the first company to implement radio frequency identification system on their fall protection equipment. When they introduced their software I-safe 2. 0 and then made improvement to I-safe 3. 0 to help scan these RIFF tags. The I-safes. O helps track, maintenance and recall when expired. With the use of radio frequency identification system, improvement to their company meant striving o be the best. The radio frequency identification device helped reduce cost, time, safety and reducing risk has made it more controllable The information system radio frequency identification device RIFF is technology that is easily available in market. Capital safety however uses its own custom designed technology developed in -house. The business process of the system is that each product comes with the circular devices built into the product. The business process of the system is that each product comes with the circular device built into the product. The products are scanned at the factory by the inspector that did the final inspection or person who finalized the devices. Each product is assigned and ID number to the system. The system is able to record and count the products automatically, and alert the company when the products are due for inspection. Use of RIFF Has increased rapidly and can now be found in cell phone, government IDS, Passport, some firearms, packages handled by the postal system Etc. Capital safety is one of the first companies to implement this technology to their fall protection equipment. By increasing the speed and the efficiency in their protection and warehouse areas capital safety has managed to become not only more profitable but also provide better customer service by maintaining proper hands on service and issuing timely recall when needed. Capital Safety has made their company more profitable with the use of radio frequency device. With the use of radio frequency identification device this information system has become a key factor on how they utilize this management tool to help organize their company structure with their product. Executive summary 1. 2 It is highly recommended for other companies to utilize this type of information system to help with the organization of their company product. I know that radio frequency identification device is a very useful tool that could be used in different aspects of business organization. It can be used in different aspects of business, weather the use of ID tags for employees, assembly line workstation, tracing parts, and inventory. Emerson process is another company that has utilized this type of information with their business process. They have radio urgency ID tags for their employees for entrance to and out of the building. They have associated this type of information along with their assembly workstation. They use radio frequency identification device to log in and out of each workstation. That way they know if there is an issue they can tract which employee is associated with that particular assembly. For years RIFF devices have been used in many different areas (Clayton Boyce, 2003). One such area has been as an anti-theft device. Most consumers have purchased products that have held RIFF devices. Stores at the local malls have been using hard plastic tag anti-theft devices on merchandise for at least she knows it is not a good idea to walk to close to the entrance way. Many patrons have suffered the embarrassment of walking around a clothing rack near the front door with items to be purchased and hearing an ear splitting sound. This was caused by the RIFF device on the clothing coming into contact with the electromagnetic field at the door. Other past and present uses for RIFF include: automatic toll booth passes, animal tracking chips, and company access badges.

The Cold War (1945-1989) essay

The Cold War (1945-1989) essay The Cold War (1945-1989) essay The Cold War (1945-1989) essayThe Cold War is considered to be a significant event in Modern World History. The Cold War dominated a rather long time period: between 1945, or the end of the World War II, and 1990, the collapse of the USSR. This period involved the relationships between two superpowers: the United States and the USSR. The Cold War began in Eastern Europe and Germany, according to the researchers of the Institute of Contemporary British History (Warner 15).   Researchers state that â€Å"the USSR and the United States of America held the trump cards, nuclear bombs and missiles† (Daniel 489). In other words, during the Cold War, two nations took the fate of the world under their control. The progression of the Cold War influenced the development of society, which became aware of the threat of nuclear war. After the World War II, the world experienced technological progress, which provided â€Å"the Space Race, computer development, superhighway construction, j et airliner development, the creation of international phone system, the advent of television, enormous progress in medicine, and the creation of mass consumerism, and many other achievements† (Daniel 489). Although the larger part of the world lived in poverty and lacked technological progress, the United States and other countries of Western world succeeded in economic development. The Cold War, which began in 1945, reflected the increased role of technological progress in the establishment of economic relationships between two superpowers.   Ã‚  The Cold War involved internal and external conflicts between two superpowers, the United States and the USSR, leading to eventual breakdown of the USSR.The Cold War: background informationThe Cold War consisted of several confrontations between the United States and the USSR, supported by their allies. According to researchers, the Cold War was marked by a number of events, including â€Å"the escalating arms race, a competition to conquer space, a dangerously belligerent for of diplomacy known as brinkmanship, and a series of small wars, sometimes called â€Å"police actions† by the United States and sometimes excused as defense measures by the Soviets† (Gottfried 9). The Cold War had different influences on the United States and the USSR. For the USSR, the Cold War provided massive opportunities for the spread of communism across the world, Moscow’s control over the development of other nations and the increased role of the Soviet Communist party.In fact, the Cold War could split the wartime alliance formed to oppose the plans of Nazi Germany, leaving the USSR and the United States as two superpowers with considerable economic and political differences. The USSR was based on a single-party Marxist–Leninist system, while the United States was a capitalist state with democratic governance based on free elections.The key figure in the Cold War was the Soviet leader Gorbachev, who was elected in 1985. He managed to change the direction of the USSR, making the economies of communist ruled states independent. The major reasons for changing in the course were poor technological development of the USSR (Gottfried 115). Gorbachev believed that radical changes in political power could improve the Communist system. At the same time, he wanted to stop the Cold War and tensions with the United States. The cost of nuclear arms race had negative impact on the economy of the USSR. The leaders of the United States accepted the proposed relationships, based on cooperation and mutual trust. The end of the Cold War was marked by signing the INF treaty in 1987 (Gottfried 115).The origins of the Cold WarMany American historians state that the Cold War began in 1945. However, according to Russian researchers, historians and analysts â€Å"the Cold War began with the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917, for this was when the capitalist world began its systematic opposition to and effo rt to undermine the world’s first socialist state and society† (Warner13). For Russians, the Cold War was hot in 1918-1922, when the Allied Intervention policy implemented in Russia during the Russian Civil War. According to John W. Long, â€Å"the U.S. intervention in North Russia was a policy formulated by President Wilson during the first half of 1918 at the urgent insistence of Britain, France and Italy, the chief World War I allies† (380).Nevertheless, there are some other opinions regarding the origins of the Cold War. For example, Geoffrey Barraclough, an outstanding English historian, states that the events in the Far East at the end of the century contributed to the origins of the Cold War. He argues that â€Å"during the previous hundred years, Russia and the United States has tended to support each other against England; but now, as England’s power passed its zenith, they came face to face across the Pacific† (Warner 13). According to Bar raclough, the Cold War is associated with the conflict of interests, which involved European countries, the Middle East and South East Asia. Finally, this conflict divided the world into two camps. Thus, the Cold War origins are connected with the spread of ideological conflict caused by the emergence of the new power in the early 20-th century (Warner 14). The Cold War outbreak was associated with the spread of propaganda on the United States by the USSR. The propagandistic attacks involved the criticism of the U.S. leaders and their policies. These attacked were harmful to the interests of American nation (Whitton 151).The major causes of the Cold WarThe United States and the USSR were regarded as two superpowers during the Cold War, each having its own sphere of influence, its power and forces. The Cold War had been the continuing conflict, caused by tensions, misunderstandings and competitions that existed between the United States and the USSR, as well as their allies from 1945 to the early 1990s (Gottfried 10). Throughout this long period, there was the so-called rivalry between the United States and the USSR, which was expressed through various transformations, including military buildup, the spread of propaganda, the growth of espionage, weapons development, considerable industrial advances, and competitive technological developments in different spheres of human activity, such as medicine, education, space exploration, etc.There four major causes of the Cold War, which include:Ideological differences (communism v. capitalism);Mutual distrust and misperception;The fear of the United State regarding the spread of communism;The nuclear arms race (Gottfried 10).The major causes of the Cold War point out to the fact that the USSR was focused on the spread of communist ideas worldwide. The United States followed democratic ideas and opposed the spread of communism. At the same time, the acquisition of atomic weapons by the United States caused fear in the U SSR. The use of atomic weapons could become the major reason of fear of both the United States and the USSR. In other words, both countries were anxious about possible attacks from each other; therefore, they were following the production of mass destruction weapons. In addition, the USSR was focused on taking control over Eastern Europe and Central Asia. According to researchers, the USSR used various strategies to gain control over Eastern Europe and Central Asia in the years 1945-1980. Some of these strategies included â€Å"encouraging the communist takeover of governments in Eastern Europe, the setting up of Comecon, the Warsaw Pact, the presence of the Red Army in Eastern Europe, and the Brezhnev Doctrine† (Phillips 118). These actions were the major factors for the suspicions and concerns of the United States. In addition, the U.S. President had a personal dislike of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin and his policies. In general, the United States was concerned by the So viet Union’s actions regarding the occupied territory of Germany, while the USSR feared that the United States would use Western Europe as the major tool for attack.The consequences of the Cold WarThe consequences of the Cold War include both positive and negative effects for both the United States and the USSR.Both the United States and the USSR managed to build up huge arsenals of atomic weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles.The Cold War provided opportunities for the establishment of the military blocs, NATO and the Warsaw Pact.The Cold War led to the emergence of the destructive military conflicts, like the Vietnam War and the Korean War, which took the lives of millions of people (Gottfried13).The USSR collapsed because of considerable economic, political and social challenges.The Cold War led to the destruction of the Berlin Wall and the unification of the two German nations.The Cold War led to the disintegration of the Warsaw Pact (Gottfried 136).The Cold war provided the opportunities for achieving independence of the Baltic States and some former Soviet Republics.The Cold War made the United States the sole superpower of the world because of the collapse of the USSR in 1990.The Cold War led to the collapse of Communism and the rise of globalization worldwide (Phillips 119).The impact of the Cold War on the development of many countries was enormous. The consequences of the Cold War were derived from numerous internal problems of the countries, which were connected with the USSR, especially developing countries (India, Africa, etc.). This fact means that foreign policies of many states were transformed (Gottfried 115).The Cold War (1945-1989) essay  part 2

R&D 3 Plan and Develop Solution Progress Check TMGT421 Research Paper

R&D 3 Plan and Develop Solution Progress Check TMGT421 - Research Paper Example Testing and recording these features will make it possible and easy to know which components of the air conditioners make them high electric energy consumers (United States, 1989). These sampled features will then be cross-examined with the minimum electric requirements of the components of domestic air conditioners. After adjusting the identified features to the recommended electrical energy requirement thresholds, the modified air conditioners will be reinstalled in the houses from which they were sampled (National Research Council (U.S.), 1990). The efficiency and effectiveness as well as the electric energy consumptions of these air conditioners are to be monitored. One feature that shall be incorporated on the experimental air conditioners is the thermostat to regulate the temperatures within which they should operate. It is known that an air conditioner should run two to three cycles per hour; hence, adding a temperature regulator will ensure that these cycles are not prolonged thereby leading to too much of electric consumption. The project will use five air conditioners that shall be left to operate for a period of five months after making the necessary adjustments. Both qualitative and quantitative data shall be collected to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness (qualitative, since th e user will give reports0 and new electric bill collected from the designated households (quantitative) to give a report of the changes realized on the electric energy consumption (National Research Council (U.S.) and National Academies Press (U.S.), 2010). Nonetheless, the modified air conditioners should be highly effective and efficient than the current ones. National Research Council (U.S.)., & National Academies Press (U.S.). (2010). Capabilities for the future: An assessment of NASA laboratories for basic research. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press. United States. (1989). R & D in the construction industry: